If a cheque is crossed generally or specially the holder may add the words not negotiable holder and holder in due course the holder of a negotiable instrument means any person legally entitled in his own name to the possession thereof and to receive or recover the amount due thereon from the parties thereto thus clerks or servants having the instrument in their custody are not holders except as agents of the holder. The law of banking and negotiable instruments deals with the operation of banking business and is founded largely on the general principles of law to particular contextual issues as and when they arise. Some examples of negotiable instruments are promissory notes cheques bills of exchange bearer bonds bank notes etc the law on negotiable instruments in india is governed by the negotiable instruments act of 1881 the negotiable instruments act 1881 was passed in 1882 and was amended in 1989 and 2002 there was no provision before 1988 to restrain the. The law of banking is comprised of many branches of law the statutory content of the subject is also to be found in many acts the banking regulation act and negotiable instruments act being primary among them the contract act also applies because every relationship is founded upon contract the chapter of the contract act on pledge is of particular application because pledge is a method of securing repayment of loans the transfer of property act also applies because the provisions as to